Mistakes in Textbook of Biology for FSc Part I and II, Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore pointed out by Saghir Ahmad, Assistant Professor of Zoology


Mistakes in Textbook of FSc Part I and II, Pointed out by Saghir Ahmad, Assistant Professor of Zoology, Govt. Islamia College,Railway Raod, Lahore. 
 Mistakes in FSc Textbook of Biology Part I:
Chapter 1
→Topic: Geological time chart
Page no: 8
Incorrect: The Eras have been shown in the period list.
Chapter 2
→Topic: Nucleic Acids ( DNA and RNA )
Page no: 31
Incorrect: In a typical nucleotide the nitrogenous base is attached to position “1” of
                 Pentose, sugar while phosphoric acid is attached to carbon 3 of pentose                
                 Sugar.
Incorrect: In a typical nucleotide the nitrogenous base is attached to position “1” of
                 Pentose, sugar while phosphoric acid is attached to carbon 5 of pentose                
                 Sugar.
 Chapter 5

→Topic: Some viral diseases (Polio)
Page no: 77
Incorrect: Polio viruses are smallest known viruses.
Reference:  The smallest viruses shown as page no. 73 are Parvoviruses.
Chapter 8
→Topic: Nutrition in Fungi
Page no: 115
Incorrect: The oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus) is a carnivorous (Predatory)
                   fungus.
Correct: The oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus) is a omnivorous fungus.
Chapter 10
→Topic: Class Arachnida
Page no: 185
Incorrect: Respiration is by gills lungs or special structures called book lungs.
Correct: Respiration is by gills or special structures called book lungs.
Chapter 10
→Topic: Class Mammalia- Mammals
Page no: 201
Incorrect: Mammals became dominant in the Cenozoic Period.
Correct: Mammals became dominant in the Cenozoic Era.
Chapter 11
→Topic: Krebs cycle, Respiratory Chain
Page no: 222, 227, 228, and 229
 Incorrect: NAD+ → NADH
Correct: NAD+ → NADH + H+
→Topic: Calvin cycle
Page no: 221
Incorrect:  6NADPH → 6NADP+ 
Correct:  6NADPH → 6NADPH + H+
→Topic: Photosynthetic Pigments (Chlorophylls)
Page no: 210
Incorrect: In the molecular formula of chlorophyll, the bonds of nitrogen are wrong.
Chapter 10+13
→Topic: General Characters of Mammals
Page no: 202
Incorrect: Mammals have well developed voice apparatus, the larynx and epiglottis.
Another line in the same book goes as follows:
 Two thin edged fibrous bands called vocal cords, which help in voice 
production (page no. 267).
If the students are asked a question about voice production in mammals, what would be the answer is ambiguous according to above referred lines.
Chapter 13
→Topic: Photorespiration and it consequences
Page no: 261
Incorrect: RUBP + O2 → Glycolate
Correct: RUBP + O2 → Glycolate + ?
               (5-C)                (2-C)
(According to above eq. the students do not understand the equation equilibrium.)
Chapter 14
→Topic: Evolution of vertebrate heart
Page no: 304
Incorrect: In all reptiles the left and right systemic arches carry oxygenated blood and
                  arise from a region of ventricle called cavum venosum.
Correct: In all reptiles the left and right systemic arches carry oxygenated blood and
                  arise from a region of ventricle called cavum arteriosum.
Mistakes in FSc Textbook of Biology Part II: 
Chapter # 15
→Topic: Excretion in Animals
Page No: 6
Incorrect :   Water due to its removal in hyperosmatic environment is
                   labelled as an excretory product in these specific conditions.
Correct : Water due to its removal in hypotonic environment is
                   labelled as an excretory product in these specific conditions.
Chapter # 15
→Topic:Urinary System  Correction has been mad in new edition of Pat 2nd Book.
Chapter # 16
→Topic: Endoskeleton
Page No: 31
Incorrect: Fibro Cartilage
Correct:    Elastic Cartilage
Chapter # 16
→Topic: Pelvic Girdle and Hind Limb
Page No. 34
Incorrect: 8 Tarsals
Correct: 7 Tarsals
Chapter # 16
→Topic: Movement in Plants (Tropic Movement)
Page No: 28
Incorrect: The movement in response to chemicls is shown by hyphae of fungi.
Correct: According to heading the Authors have violated the Margulis and Schwartz classification, as the fungi are not included in plants.
Chapter # 23
→Topic: Transgenic Plants
Page No. 212
Incorrect: Enzyme RUBP
Correct: Ribulose Biphosphate Carboxylase Oxygenase(RUBISCO)
Chapter # 25
→Topic: Symbiosis
Page No: 243
Incorrect: Definition of Mutualism has been written in place of syonbiosis
Chapter # 25
→Topic: Biosphere
Incorrect: Charles Eton
Correct: Charles Elton
Chapter # 26
→Topic: Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem (Forest ecosystem)
Page No: 254
Incorrect: Tropical Rain Forest→ heading is given but not description.
Chapter # 26
→Topic: Temperate deciduous forests (Animal life)
Page No: 255
Incorrect: Macaca mulatto, Solenorotos tibitanus (Spelling mistake)
Correct:   Macaca mullata, Selenarctos tibetanus
Chapter # 27
→Topic:Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources
  Page No: 264
Incorrect: Wild life has been written as a renewable resource.
Chapter # 27
→Topic:Pollution
Page No: 272
Incorrect: Pollution is befouling of the environment by human activity.
Correct:   Pollution is befouling of the environment by natural pollutants or human activity.


6 comments:

  1. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  2. Wah sir g tussi te cha gay :-)

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  3. soooooooooo nice sir g. sir i want to some help from u. can u?

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  4. Prof. Kumail Hassan Jaffry9 November 2013 at 23:38

    Here is my input on some of your correction Saghir sahab.
    1) There is no problem with the geological time chart on page number 8. The table is only depicting the periods that are contained within the Eras.
    2) On page 31, the author writes: "In a typical nucleotide the nitrogenous base is attached to position “1” of Pentose, sugar while phosphoric acid is attached to carbon 3 of pentose Sugar".
    The author is trying to imply that the phosphoric acid of an adjacent nucleotide binds with the 3 carbon of pentose of another nucleotide. But still, I support your view point, the author has written very ambiguously, he should be talking about the structure of just the one nucleotide.
    3) There is absolutely no problem with the statement on page 58. Microfilaments are indeed made up of actin (only) myosin is a motor molecule that acts on the actin filaments and is not part of it.
    4) The statement on page 185 about arachnids is incorrect, but your suggested correction is also not technically accurate. There are no gills in Arachnids. Instead there are structure called Tracheae which have opening called spiracles. Arachnids utilize tracheae and book lungs.
    5) The statement on page 304 about the right and left systemic arches in reptiles arising from the cavum venosum, is correct, and its not cavum arteriosum.

    Part 2:
    1) Page number 6, Interestingly, both the statements are true and confer the same meaning.

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  5. Dear Kumail, here are some explanations:
    1) I would like to suggest you to please look again at the layout of Geological Time Chart. The Era should not be included in the list of periods but that is not..
    2) Thank you for you have agreed with my point of view about the structure of a typical nucleotide.
    3) Yes, you are partly correct. I would like to suggest you to read the formation of contractile ring during cytokinesis. You will find the role of both actin and myosine as filaments..
    4) Yes I did refer to that very structure the "Bubble gill" in the archnid, Eurasian Diving Bell Spider (Argyroneta aquatica) which live under sea water.
    5) Please purify your concept from any authentic book.

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